WorkingPaper, ponencias invitadas y contribuciones en congresos no publicadas http://hdl.handle.net/11531/4153 2026-04-27T12:32:44Z 2026-04-27T12:32:44Z Solano Mejía, Edna Sofía Cossent Arín, Rafael de Mattos Affonso, Carolina http://hdl.handle.net/11531/109779 2026-04-27T04:29:29Z

Título : The Impact of Aggregation Method Choice in GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques for Site Selection of Green Hydrogen Production: A Brazilian Case Study Autor : Solano Mejía, Edna Sofía; Cossent Arín, Rafael; de Mattos Affonso, Carolina Resumen : Renewable hydrogen is key to Brazil’s transition to a carbon-neutral energy system, utilizing its abundant solar and wind resources for large-scale decarbonization. Despite its vast renewable potential, high costs and infrastructure gaps keep deployment limited to early-stage pilot projects. This study presents a grid-level, GIS-integrated multi-criteria decision-making framework that evaluates hydrogen suitability in Brazil. The model integrates renewable resources, topography, land-use constraints, infrastructure, and industrial demand. A comprehensive comparative assessment of aggregation techniques is conducted through mathematical validation and benchmarking against existing projects. Results show that understanding each method enables decision-makers to select the approach that best aligns with specific planning objectives, considering input characteristics and regional context. The Northeast and Central-West are consistently identified as the most suitable regions, aligning with existing initiatives and confirming the framework's practical relevance. The study offers a flexible methodology combining quantitative rigor with expert judgment to guide national hydrogen roadmaps and large-scale deployment.; Renewable hydrogen is key to Brazil’s transition to a carbon-neutral energy system, utilizing its abundant solar and wind resources for large-scale decarbonization. Despite its vast renewable potential, high costs and infrastructure gaps keep deployment limited to early-stage pilot projects. This study presents a grid-level, GIS-integrated multi-criteria decision-making framework that evaluates hydrogen suitability in Brazil. The model integrates renewable resources, topography, land-use constraints, infrastructure, and industrial demand. A comprehensive comparative assessment of aggregation techniques is conducted through mathematical validation and benchmarking against existing projects. Results show that understanding each method enables decision-makers to select the approach that best aligns with specific planning objectives, considering input characteristics and regional context. The Northeast and Central-West are consistently identified as the most suitable regions, aligning with existing initiatives and confirming the framework's practical relevance. The study offers a flexible methodology combining quantitative rigor with expert judgment to guide national hydrogen roadmaps and large-scale deployment.

Wagh, Chinmayi Mukund Avila Martinez, Regulo Enrique Rouco Rodríguez, Luis Guillaud, Xavier García Cerrada, Aurelio http://hdl.handle.net/11531/109708 2026-04-27T04:30:06Z

Título : Dynamic Analysis of Grid-Forming Control Strategies under High RoCoF Conditions Autor : Wagh, Chinmayi Mukund; Avila Martinez, Regulo Enrique; Rouco Rodríguez, Luis; Guillaud, Xavier; García Cerrada, Aurelio Resumen : ; The increasing penetration of inverter-based resources reduces system inertia, increasing the sensitivity of system frequency to power imbalances and potentially leading to higher rates of change of frequency (RoCoF) during disturbances. Nowadays, grid-forming (GFM) converter control strategies are being required to provide inertial support in low-inertia networks. Very often these strategies imitate the behaviour of a synchronous machine (virtual synchronous machines, or VSMs). This paper compares the dynamic behaviour of three approaches to a VSM using electromagnetic transient simulations of a converter connected to an infinite bus: (a) a virtual synchronous machine with a phase-locked loop (VSM-PLL), (b) an integral–proportional (IP) control, and (c) a virtual synchronous machine with a washout filter (VSM-washout). The inertial active-power response of these strategies is evaluated under severe frequency ramp conditions within the operational capability limits of the generation unit. The results show that IP and VSM-PLL provide effective inertial support without compromising stability, whereas VSM-washout exhibits higher sensitivity to parameter tuning, leading to a less favorable trade-off between inertial power injection and damping.

Serna Zuluaga, Santiago Gerres, Timo Cossent Arín, Rafael http://hdl.handle.net/11531/109707 2026-04-23T04:25:49Z

Título : Beyond Carbon Pricing: Policy-Driven Willingness to Pay for e-Fuels in EU Shipping Autor : Serna Zuluaga, Santiago; Gerres, Timo; Cossent Arín, Rafael Resumen : The decarbonization of maritime transport requires alternative fuels that are not only technically viable but also economically competitive. We quantify economic competitiveness through the willingness-to-pay (WTP), defined as the maximum e-fuel price at which ship operators remain cost-neutral relative to fossil alternatives. Using this framework, we assess how two EU regulations — the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and FuelEU Maritime— shape the economic case for e-fuel adoption.Our results show that FuelEU Maritime is the dominant regulatory driver, accounting for 70–80% of total WTP, while the EU ETS contribution is comparatively modest. Beyond this, the non-linear structure of the FuelEU Maritime non-compliance penalty causes WTP to vary with the vessel’s compliance level—defined as the share of low-emission fuel required to meet the GHG emission intensity target in a given year. Consequently, the marginal value of e-fuel is not constant: early units yield smaller penalty reductions than later ones. For instance, in 2050, a compliance level of 50% reduces the non-compliance penalty by only 16%. This structure inherently favors full compliance in individual vessels over partial compliance across fleets, even when aggregate emission reductions are equivalent.When benchmarking the obtained WTP against current production costs, our results suggest that existing regulation largely bridges the cost gap for most e-fuels, with ammonia emerging as the most cost-competitive option. Although biofuels and fossil fuels with carbon capture may offer lower production costs at comparable WTP levels, but their large-scale deployment faces binding supply-side constraints. E-fuels are therefore expected to play a complementary yet critical role in achieving long-term decarbonization targets as lower-cost alternatives become increasingly scarce.; The decarbonization of maritime transport requires alternative fuels that are not only technically viable but also economically competitive. We quantify economic competitiveness through the willingness-to-pay (WTP), defined as the maximum e-fuel price at which ship operators remain cost-neutral relative to fossil alternatives. Using this framework, we assess how two EU regulations — the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and FuelEU Maritime— shape the economic case for e-fuel adoption.Our results show that FuelEU Maritime is the dominant regulatory driver, accounting for 70–80% of total WTP, while the EU ETS contribution is comparatively modest. Beyond this, the non-linear structure of the FuelEU Maritime non-compliance penalty causes WTP to vary with the vessel’s compliance level—defined as the share of low-emission fuel required to meet the GHG emission intensity target in a given year. Consequently, the marginal value of e-fuel is not constant: early units yield smaller penalty reductions than later ones. For instance, in 2050, a compliance level of 50% reduces the non-compliance penalty by only 16%. This structure inherently favors full compliance in individual vessels over partial compliance across fleets, even when aggregate emission reductions are equivalent.When benchmarking the obtained WTP against current production costs, our results suggest that existing regulation largely bridges the cost gap for most e-fuels, with ammonia emerging as the most cost-competitive option. Although biofuels and fossil fuels with carbon capture may offer lower production costs at comparable WTP levels, but their large-scale deployment faces binding supply-side constraints. E-fuels are therefore expected to play a complementary yet critical role in achieving long-term decarbonization targets as lower-cost alternatives become increasingly scarce.

Suárez Porras, Jorge Fernández Bernal, Fidel Rouco Rodríguez, Luis Tomás Martín, Andrés García Cerrada, Aurelio Bueno Peña, Emilio José http://hdl.handle.net/11531/109694 2026-04-22T04:24:15Z

Título : Mejora del Comportamiento de Convertidores Grid-Following mediante Compensadores Síncronos: Validación Experimental en el LIDER Lab Autor : Suárez Porras, Jorge; Fernández Bernal, Fidel; Rouco Rodríguez, Luis; Tomás Martín, Andrés; García Cerrada, Aurelio; Bueno Peña, Emilio José Resumen : Los sistemas de potencia modernos enfrentan una reducción drástica de inercia y rigidez de red debido a la masiva integración de Recursos Basados en Inversores (IBRs). En este contexto, los convertidores con seguimiento de red (grid-following, GFL) que utilizan lazos de seguimiento de fase (PLL) son propensos a inestabilidad y bajo amortiguamiento ante condiciones de red débil o cambios súbitos de carga. Este artículo presenta la validación experimental de la interacción entre generación síncrona, convertidores GFL y compensadores síncronos (SC) en el entorno del laboratorio LIDER Lab (Laboratorio de Innovación y Desarrollo de Energías Renovables). Se combina el análisis de estabilidad de pequeña señal (autovalores y factores de participación) con pruebas experimentales de gran señal. Los resultados confirman que la conexión de un compensador síncrono no solo reduce el nadir de frecuencia ante escalones de carga, sino que mejora significativamente el amortiguamiento de la frecuencia medida por el PLL, mitigando el riesgo de pérdida de sincronismo.;