http://hdl.handle.net/11531/44 Artículos de revista, capítulos de libro y contribuciones en congresos publicadas. 2026-04-28T21:05:14Z http://hdl.handle.net/11531/109803 Las medidas no privativas de libertad en la justicia juvenil española Cueto Santa Eugenia, Elisabet El trabajo analiza el sistema de justicia juvenil español con especial atención a las medidas no privativas de libertad previstas en la Ley Orgánica de Responsabilidad Penal de los Menores (LORPM), situándolas dentro del marco de los estándares internacionales y regionales de protección de los derechos del niño. La investigación parte del principio del interés superior del menor como eje vertebrador del sistema, recogido en la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño y desarrollado por la normativa y la jurisprudencia española. El estudio examina los principios que orientan la determinación de las medidas, como la legalidad, la proporcionalidad, la individualización y la finalidad educativa de la respuesta penal juvenil. Se destaca que, a diferencia del sistema penal de adultos, la LORPM otorga al juez un amplio margen de discrecionalidad reglada para adaptar la respuesta a las circunstancias personales, familiares y sociales del menor, con el apoyo fundamental de los equipos técnicos especializados. Asimismo, se describen las distintas medidas no privativas de libertad, subrayando su carácter educativo, rehabilitador y orientado a la reinserción social. El análisis jurisprudencial pone de manifiesto que las Audiencias Provinciales refuerzan esta orientación, priorizando alternativas al internamiento y promoviendo intervenciones ajustadas a las necesidades concretas de cada menor. En conclusión, el sistema español se presenta como un modelo coherentemente alineado con los estándares internacionales de justicia juvenil.; This work analyses the Spanish juvenile justice system with a particular focus on non-custodial measures regulated under the Organic Law on the Criminal Responsibility of Minors (LORPM), placing them within the framework of international and regional child rights standards. The study is grounded on the principle of the best interests of the child, established in the Convention on the Rights of the Child and consistently reflected in Spanish legislation and case law. The paper examines the guiding principles for determining juvenile measures, including legality, proportionality, individualisation and the educational purpose of juvenile sanctions. Unlike the adult criminal system, the LORPM grants juvenile judges a broad but regulated discretion, allowing them to tailor measures to the personal, social and family circumstances of each minor, with significant input from specialised technical teams. The various non-custodial measures are described, highlighting their educational, rehabilitative and reintegrative objectives. A review of Spanish case law shows that Provincial Courts strongly support alternatives to deprivation of liberty and promote individualised responses aimed at personal development and social reintegration. Overall, the analysis concludes that the Spanish juvenile justice system is largely aligned with international standards, emphasising education, rehabilitation and the prevention of reoffending. Capítulos en libros 2026-04-08T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11531/109801 Adult Zucker Obese fa/fa Rats Present Impaired Immunity and Oxidative-Inflammatory Responses Castro de Frutos, Nuria María de; de la Fuente, Mónica; Gimenez Llort, Lydia; RUIZ-TOVAR POLO, JAIME; Vidal Real, Carmen; Baeza Monedero, Isabel .; first_pagesettingsOrder Article Reprints Open AccessArticle Adult Zucker Obese fa/fa Rats Present Impaired Immunity and Oxidative-Inflammatory Responses by Nuria María De Castro 1,2,*ORCID,Mónica De la Fuente 3,4ORCID,Lydia Giménez-Llort 5,6ORCID,Jaime Ruiz-Tovar 7ORCID,Carmen Vida 8,9ORCID andMaría Isabel Baeza 1,2ORCID 1 Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School of Nursing and Physical Therapy, Comillas Pontifical University, 28036 Madrid, Spain 2 San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28036 Madrid, Spain 3 Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain 4 Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre Hospital (Imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain 5 Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain 6 Institute of Neuroscience (INc), Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain 7 Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Alfonso X University, 28691 Madrid, Spain 8 Department of Biology (Animal Physiology Area), Faculty of Sciences, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain 9 University Institute of Molecular Biology (IUBM), Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Biomolecules 2026, 16(4), 547; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16040547 Submission received: 25 February 2026 / Revised: 25 March 2026 / Accepted: 31 March 2026 / Published: 8 April 2026 (This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Aging and Cancer: Biological Bases, Therapeutic Strategies and Opportunities) Downloadkeyboard_arrow_down Browse Figures Versions Notes Abstract Background: Obesity involves an excessive buildup of adipose tissue and is linked to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which contribute to immunosenescence. Obesity and aging share common features, including immune system impairment and oxidative and inflammatory states, suggesting that obesity may represent a model for accelerated immunosenescence. Objectives/Methods: The aim of this research was to evaluate in Zucker fatty (fa/fa) rats, a well-established genetic model of obesity, multiple immune function parameters (phagocytic activity, natural killer cell function, lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogens, and cytokine profiles), as well as redox parameters (total antioxidant capacity, glutathione levels, activities of glutathione peroxidase and reductase, and xanthine oxidase activity) in peritoneal leukocytes, spleen, thymus, and liver at adult age (24 weeks). Comparisons were made with Zucker lean controls (fa/+), commonly used as standard controls, and Wistar rats as an independent control group. Results: Zucker fa/fa rats displayed significant physiological disorders, including increased body and organ weights, premature immunosenescence characterized by impaired innate and adaptive immune responses, reduced IL-2 and IL-10 secretion, elevated TNF-α production upon mitogen stimulation, and oxidative stress evidenced by redox imbalance in the spleen, thymus, and liver. Conclusions: These immune dysfunctions and oxidative imbalances are comparable to those observed during the aging process. Given that the immune parameters analyzed are considered indicators of health, aging rate, and longevity, our findings suggest that adult Zucker fa/fa rats could exhibit features of premature aging. Artículos en revistas 2026-04-08T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11531/109793 Enhancing home care safety: a randomized controlled trial of VR-based training for informal caregivers Gil Hernández, Eva; Carrillo, Irene; Pérez Estev, Clara; Arroyo Rodríguez, Almudena; Guilabert, Mercedes; Ballester, Maria Purificacion; Mira Solves, José Joaquín Este ensayo clínico aleatorizado analiza si una formación breve basada en realidad virtual puede reducir la carga de los cuidadores informales y los errores de cuidado y medicación en el hogar. Participaron 140 cuidadores de tres regiones españolas, asignados a un grupo de intervención con 18 escenarios inmersivos o a un grupo control con materiales habituales. La intervención mostró alta satisfacción, mejoró la detección de errores en vídeos simulados y redujo los errores autoinformados de cuidado y medicación. También se observaron mejoras en factores conductuales y una disminución de la carga emocional. Los resultados apoyan la integración de formaciones inmersivas, breves y centradas en el usuario en programas de apoyo a cuidadores informales para mejorar la seguridad y calidad de los cuidados domiciliarios.; Background: Europe’s aging population and the move to home-based long-term care place growing demands on informal caregivers, who often lack formal training. This substantially increases both caregiving and medication errors and caregiver burden. Virtual reality (VR) enables experiential training but is seldom tailored to non-professional caregivers or evaluated in real-world conditions. Objective: To analyze the ability of a brief training based on VR to reduce informal caregivers’ burden and their caregiving/medication errors at home. Methods: Two-arm randomized controlled trial in three Spanish regions. Informal caregivers were randomized to structured VR training or usual materials; N = 140 (70/70) caring for people with chronic conditions. Assessments at baseline and 3 months. Artículos en revistas 2026-04-21T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11531/109792 El régimen de costas en los litigios sobre cláusulas abusivas: el impacto de la STC 121/2025, de 26 de mayo Sande Mayo, María Jesús Este trabajo analiza el alcance de la STC 121/2025 en relación con la imposición de costas procesales en litigios sobre cláusulas abusivas, especialmente en las fases de apelación y recursos extraordinarios. La sentencia declara inconstitucional la aplicación automática del artículo 398.2 LEC cuando perjudica al consumidor, por vulnerar el derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva y el principio de efectividad del Derecho de la Unión Europea. Asimismo, se examina la posterior rectificación del Tribunal Supremo, que introduce un nuevo criterio para la imposición de costas en segunda instancia, aunque mantiene un tratamiento distinto para los recursos extraordinarios. El estudio concluye que persisten tensiones entre el Derecho procesal interno y las exigencias del Derecho europeo en materia de protección del consumidor.; This article examines the scope of Constitutional Court Judgment 121/2025 regarding the allocation of legal costs in litigation concerning unfair contract terms, particularly at appellate and extraordinary review stages. The ruling declares unconstitutional the automatic application of Article 398(2) of the Spanish Civil Procedure Act when it harms consumers, as it violates the right to effective judicial protection and the principle of effectiveness under EU law. The paper also analyzes the subsequent case law revision by the Spanish Supreme Court, which introduces new criteria for cost allocation in second instance proceedings, while maintaining a different approach for extraordinary remedies. The study concludes that tensions remain between national procedural law and EU consumer protection requirements. Artículos en revistas 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z