Subjects
61 Psicología
320105 Psicología clínica
610307 Psicoterapia
Terapias Narrativas
Abstract
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo plantear la potencial aplicación de los juegos de rol como herramienta terapéutica en el ámbito de la psicología desde el marco teórico de las terapias narrativas, y más concretamente a partir de los trabajos de Óscar F. Gonçalves, David Epston y Michael White, llevando a cabo un repaso de las ideas principales de estos autores, así como una revisión literatura científica en relación con el uso de estos juegos en esferas educativas y terapéuticas.
El propósito de la aplicación de los juegos de rol en terapia es que su naturaleza hace de éstos una “experiencia de simulacro” (Rivas, 2001), garantizando un espacio observacional que permite al paciente/jugador separarse del problema mediante el proceso de externalización, favoreciendo, además, la ampliación de indicios del relato alternativo a lo largo de la interacción con el mundo lúdico que permiten deconstruir el relato saturado de problema.
Una vez acabada la sesión de juego, se procede a reflexionar en grupo sobre lo acontecido en la partida con el propósito de consolidar los indicios del relato alternativo a través de la ceremonia de testigos. Esta consolidación se repite al inicio de la sesión a través de la re-narración de la sesión anterior desde los indicios del relato alternativo.
Como conclusión, se reflexiona acerca de las limitaciones de esta herramienta terapéutica: El estigma que tienen este tipo de juegos impide que sea una herramienta respetada por una mayoría. También se sugiere la importancia de dar con un método de estudio cuantitativo que garantice la replicabilidad del tratamiento y que permita demostrar la eficacia de esta herramienta que, a pesar del creciente interés por los juegos de rol en la literatura académica, no existe todavía.
The present work aims to suggest the potential application of role-playing games as a therapeutic tool in the field of psychology from the theoretical framework of narrative therapies, with particular mention of Óscar F. Gonçalves, David Epston and Michael White's work, while carrying out a review of the main ideas of these authors, as well as a review of scientific literature of the use of these games in educational and therapeutic spheres. Narrative therapy approach was chosen as a theoretical framework for the application of the application of RPGs because of its qualities as a "simulation experience" (Rivas, 2001), providing an observational space, which allows the patient/player to separate from the problem through the process of "externalization", which allows the deconstruction of the problem-saturated story by favoring the amplification of contradicting clues from alternative-storylines throughout the interaction with the ludic world. Once the game session is over, the next step is to reflect within the group on the events that took place in the game, with the purpose of consolidating the signs of the alternative story through the witness ceremony. This consolidation is repeated at the beginning of the session through the re-narration of the previous game session from the signs of the alternative-storylines' perspective. To conclude, we ponder on the limitations of this therapeutic tool: The stigma RPGs carry, has prevented them from being a tool valued by the majority of the population. In addition, we suggest the need of finding a quantitative study method that guarantees the replicability of the treatment proving the effectiveness of this tool, which, despite the growing interest in role-playing games in the academic literature, does not exist yet.
The present work aims to suggest the potential application of role-playing games as a therapeutic tool in the field of psychology from the theoretical framework of narrative therapies, with particular mention of Óscar F. Gonçalves, David Epston and Michael White's work, while carrying out a review of the main ideas of these authors, as well as a review of scientific literature of the use of these games in educational and therapeutic spheres. Narrative therapy approach was chosen as a theoretical framework for the application of the application of RPGs because of its qualities as a "simulation experience" (Rivas, 2001), providing an observational space, which allows the patient/player to separate from the problem through the process of "externalization", which allows the deconstruction of the problem-saturated story by favoring the amplification of contradicting clues from alternative-storylines throughout the interaction with the ludic world. Once the game session is over, the next step is to reflect within the group on the events that took place in the game, with the purpose of consolidating the signs of the alternative story through the witness ceremony. This consolidation is repeated at the beginning of the session through the re-narration of the previous game session from the signs of the alternative-storylines' perspective. To conclude, we ponder on the limitations of this therapeutic tool: The stigma RPGs carry, has prevented them from being a tool valued by the majority of the population. In addition, we suggest the need of finding a quantitative study method that guarantees the replicability of the treatment proving the effectiveness of this tool, which, despite the growing interest in role-playing games in the academic literature, does not exist yet.
Información detallada
Materias, derechos, colecciones e identificadores
Keywords
Juego de rol, herramienta terapéutica, externalización, experiencia de simulacro, relato alternativo, terapias narrativas, ceremonia de testigos., role-playing game, rpgs, therapeutic tool, externalization, simulacra experience, alternative storyline, narrative therapy, witness testimony.