Keywords
Derecho ambiental, salud pública y desarrollo sostenible, Cambio climático Derechos humanos Legitimación activa de asociaciones Obligaciones de los Estados, Climate change Human rights Legal standing of associations State obligations
Climate Change Litigation, One Step Beyond: Klimaseniorinnen
Abstract
El capítulo analiza la sentencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos en el caso KlimaSeniorinnen v. Suiza (2024), la primera en reconocer explícitamente que los efectos del cambio climático pueden violar derechos humanos protegidos por el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos (CEDH), especialmente el artículo 8 (vida privada y familiar) y el artículo 6.1 (acceso a la justicia). La sentencia destaca por:
Reconocer el derecho a la protección frente a los efectos adversos del cambio climático.
Establecer criterios estrictos para que individuos sean considerados “víctimas”.
Aceptar, por primera vez, la legitimación activa de una asociación en nombre de personas afectadas.
Subrayar la obligación de los Estados de adoptar medidas de mitigación y adaptación.
Reforzar el papel del conocimiento científico (especialmente los informes del IPCC) en la argumentación jurídica.
Diferenciar el cambio climático de otros impactos ambientales por su complejidad, escala global y efectos intergeneracionales.
This chapter examines the 2024 judgment of the European Court of Human Rights in KlimaSeniorinnen v. Switzerland, the first to explicitly recognize that climate change can violate human rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), particularly Article 8 (private and family life) and Article 6.1 (access to court). Key points include: Recognition of a right to protection from serious climate-related harm. Strict criteria for individuals to qualify as “victims”. For the first time, legal standing was granted to an association representing affected individuals. States are obligated to implement mitigation and adaptation measures. Scientific evidence, especially IPCC reports, plays a central role in legal reasoning. Climate change is distinguished from traditional environmental harms due to its global, complex, and intergenerational nature.
This chapter examines the 2024 judgment of the European Court of Human Rights in KlimaSeniorinnen v. Switzerland, the first to explicitly recognize that climate change can violate human rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), particularly Article 8 (private and family life) and Article 6.1 (access to court). Key points include: Recognition of a right to protection from serious climate-related harm. Strict criteria for individuals to qualify as “victims”. For the first time, legal standing was granted to an association representing affected individuals. States are obligated to implement mitigation and adaptation measures. Scientific evidence, especially IPCC reports, plays a central role in legal reasoning. Climate change is distinguished from traditional environmental harms due to its global, complex, and intergenerational nature.
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