Keywords
Usura, Préstamos Usurarios, Financiación, Consumidores, Nulidad Contractual, Intereses Remuneratorios, Tutela Procesal, Usury, Usurious Loans, Financing, Consumers, Contractual Nullity, Remunerative Interest, Procedural Protection
Del préstamo al abuso: Análisis de la dimensión procesal de la usura en las operaciones de financiación
Abstract
El capítulo analiza la dimensión procesal de la usura en operaciones de financiación, especialmente en préstamos y contratos de crédito al consumo. Parte de la Ley de Represión de la Usura y estudia los criterios jurisprudenciales para apreciar cuándo un interés es notablemente superior al normal del dinero y manifiestamente desproporcionado. Examina las acciones judiciales disponibles, la nulidad del préstamo usurario, sus efectos restitutorios y la posible reclamación de cantidades. También aborda cuestiones procesales relevantes, como legitimación activa y pasiva, cesión de créditos, jurisdicción, competencia, elección entre juicio ordinario y juicio verbal, prueba, costas y estrategias de acumulación de acciones. Finalmente, compara la acción de nulidad por usura con la impugnación de cláusulas abusivas en contratos con consumidores.
The chapter examines the procedural dimension of usury in financing transactions, particularly loans and consumer credit agreements. It starts from the Spanish Usury Repression Act and analyses case law criteria for determining when an interest rate is significantly higher than the normal market rate and manifestly disproportionate. The study reviews the available legal actions, the nullity of usurious loans, their restitutionary effects, and claims for repayment of amounts unduly paid. It also addresses relevant procedural issues, including standing, passive legitimacy, assignment of credits, jurisdiction, competence, the choice between ordinary and verbal proceedings, evidentiary matters, costs, and procedural strategies for joining claims. Finally, it compares actions for nullity based on usury with challenges to unfair interest clauses in consumer contracts.
The chapter examines the procedural dimension of usury in financing transactions, particularly loans and consumer credit agreements. It starts from the Spanish Usury Repression Act and analyses case law criteria for determining when an interest rate is significantly higher than the normal market rate and manifestly disproportionate. The study reviews the available legal actions, the nullity of usurious loans, their restitutionary effects, and claims for repayment of amounts unduly paid. It also addresses relevant procedural issues, including standing, passive legitimacy, assignment of credits, jurisdiction, competence, the choice between ordinary and verbal proceedings, evidentiary matters, costs, and procedural strategies for joining claims. Finally, it compares actions for nullity based on usury with challenges to unfair interest clauses in consumer contracts.
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