Keywords
derecho de sociedades, interés social, junta de accionistas, órgano de administración. sociedades de capital cerradas, Corporate Law, Corporate Interest, Shareholder´s Meeting, Board of Directors, Closely-held corporation
El concepto de interés social en el derecho societario español: las teorías contractualistas e institucionalistas a debate
Abstract
El concepto de interés social es la noción medular y fundamental del moderno derecho de sociedades porque es sobre la que se construye todo el marco institucional del contrato de sociedad y la configuración de los derechos y deberes de los socios y administradores. Por esta misma razón es también un concepto que ha sido largamente debatido y controvertido. En el presente trabajo se realiza una valoración crítica de los dos planteamientos teóricos doctrinales mayoritarios (contractualista e institucionalista) que han influido e informado a nuestra legislación societaria y a los tribunales desde los orígenes. Partiendo de la base de la problemática práctica e idiosincrasia concreta que presenta el mercado español (cuyo tejido empresarial son pymes y sociedades de carácter cerrado ), este trabajo se propone contribuir a la reflexión de una teoría ecléctica y alternativa que armonice algunos planteamientos de las dos teorías dominantes sobre el interés social de modo que puedan satisfacerse mejor las necesidades y objetivos de las sociedades de capital.
The concept of corporate interest is the core and fundamental notion of modern corporate law because it is on which the entire institutional framework of the corporation and the configuration of the rights and duties of the shareholders and directors are built. For this same reason it is also a concept that has been long debated and controversial. In the present work a critical assessment is made of the two main doctrinal theoretical approaches (contractualist and institutionalist) that have influenced and informed our corporate regulation and courts since the beginning. Starting from the basis of practical problems and concrete idiosyncrasies presented by the Spanish market (where Small and Medium Enterprises which adopt the legal form of closely-held corporation are majority), this work aims to contribute to the reflection of an eclectic and alternative theory that harmonizes some approaches of the two dominant theories on corporate interest so that the needs and objectives of corporations can be better satisfied.
The concept of corporate interest is the core and fundamental notion of modern corporate law because it is on which the entire institutional framework of the corporation and the configuration of the rights and duties of the shareholders and directors are built. For this same reason it is also a concept that has been long debated and controversial. In the present work a critical assessment is made of the two main doctrinal theoretical approaches (contractualist and institutionalist) that have influenced and informed our corporate regulation and courts since the beginning. Starting from the basis of practical problems and concrete idiosyncrasies presented by the Spanish market (where Small and Medium Enterprises which adopt the legal form of closely-held corporation are majority), this work aims to contribute to the reflection of an eclectic and alternative theory that harmonizes some approaches of the two dominant theories on corporate interest so that the needs and objectives of corporations can be better satisfied.
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