Keywords
Trastornos del espectro del autismo, Ansiedad, Depresión, Calidad de vida, Revisión sistemática, Autism spectrum disorders, Anxiety, Depression, Quality of life, Systematic review
Internalizing symptoms and quality of life in autistic adults: A systematic review of the role of anxiety and depression
Abstract
Objetivo: Esta revisión sistemática tiene por objetivo actualizar el estado de la investigación sobre la calidad de vida de los adultos con trastorno del espectro autista, analizando el papel de la sintomatología internalizada. Método: Siguiendo la metodología PRISMA, se incluyeron diecisiete artículos de diferentes bases de datos (Scopus, Web of Science y PubMed) centrados en el impacto de la sintomatología o diagnósticos de depresión y ansiedad en la calidad de vida de adultos autistas, implicando a un total de 3645 participantes. Resultados: Los resultados muestran cómo la calidad de vida de los adultos autistas se ve afectada por la presencia de síntomas tanto de ansiedad como de depresión. Además, los síntomas internalizados suelen aparecer como consecuencia de otras variables, como la soledad, la insatisfacción laboral o la participación social. El papel del género y la edad también ofreció resultados relacionados con los niveles de bienestar y la presencia de síntomas internalizados, afectando especialmente a las mujeres. Conclusiones: Las variables destacadas en la revisión deben considerarse a la hora de plantear intervenciones destinadas a mejorar el bienestar emocional y la calidad de vida de los adultos autistas.
Objective: This systematic review aimed to provide an updated synthesis of research on quality of life among autistic adults, with a particular focus on the role of internalizing symptoms, specifically anxiety and depression. Method: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Seventeen studies, comprising a total of 3,645 participants, met the inclusion criteria and examined the associations of anxiety and depressive symptoms or diagnoses with quality of life in autistic adults. Results: The findings consistently indicated that anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with poorer quality of life among autistic adults. Internalizing symptoms were also associated with other factors, including loneliness, job dissatisfaction, and social participation. Findings regarding age and gender suggested differences in both well-being and internalizing symptoms, with autistic women generally showing greater vulnerability. Conclusions: Anxiety and depression appear to be important correlates of quality of life in autistic adults and should be considered alongside relevant social and contextual factors. The variables identified in this review may help inform the development of interventions aimed at improving emotional well-being and quality of life in autistic adults.
Objective: This systematic review aimed to provide an updated synthesis of research on quality of life among autistic adults, with a particular focus on the role of internalizing symptoms, specifically anxiety and depression. Method: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Seventeen studies, comprising a total of 3,645 participants, met the inclusion criteria and examined the associations of anxiety and depressive symptoms or diagnoses with quality of life in autistic adults. Results: The findings consistently indicated that anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with poorer quality of life among autistic adults. Internalizing symptoms were also associated with other factors, including loneliness, job dissatisfaction, and social participation. Findings regarding age and gender suggested differences in both well-being and internalizing symptoms, with autistic women generally showing greater vulnerability. Conclusions: Anxiety and depression appear to be important correlates of quality of life in autistic adults and should be considered alongside relevant social and contextual factors. The variables identified in this review may help inform the development of interventions aimed at improving emotional well-being and quality of life in autistic adults.
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