Keywords
intervención psicológica, eutanasia, enfermo terminal, psicoterapia, cuidados paliativos, psychological intervention, euthanasia, terminally ill, psychotherapy, palliative care.
Nueva ley de eutanasia en España. Actualidad y contribuciones desde la psicología de la salud
Abstract
En 2021 es legalizada la práctica de la eutanasia en España, incorporándose a la cartera de servicios del Sistema Nacional de Salud, convirtiéndose en una alternativa para adultos con una enfermedad terminal y elevado sufrimiento. Las personas que demandan esta práctica enfrentan malestares biopsicosociales y espirituales y dificultades a lo largo del proceso, jugando la psicología un papel clave en su atención. Surge la necesidad de elaborar programas de intervención interdisciplinares adaptados al contexto español, basados en la experiencia y el saber científico acumulado en otros países donde esta práctica ya se encontraba legislada. La Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual, la Terapia Centrada en el Sentido y la Terapia de Dignidad se encuentran entre las intervenciones más desarrolladas para la atención de los momentos finales de la vida, aunque sus resultados precisan mayor replicación. El Sistema Nacional de Salud constituye el escenario óptimo para implementar estas intervenciones, siendo necesario fortalecer a la Psicología de la Salud para que esta pueda asumir esta tarea en adecuadas condiciones.
In 2021, euthanasia was legalized in Spain and integrated into the National Health System´s services, thus becoming a new alternative for terminally ill adults with great suffering. People demanding this practice endure biopsychosocial and spiritual distress along the process, and so Psychology plays a key role in their care. There is therefore a demand for interdisciplinary intervention programs, adapted to the Spanish context, and based in previous experience and the scientific knowledge collected in other countries where this practice was already legislated. The Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Meaning Centered Therapy and Dignity Therapy are amongst the end-of-life interventions more developed; however their results need more replication. The National Health System constitutes an optimal setting in order to implement these programs, being necessary to strengthen the Health Psychology, so it can assume this task with adequate conditions.
In 2021, euthanasia was legalized in Spain and integrated into the National Health System´s services, thus becoming a new alternative for terminally ill adults with great suffering. People demanding this practice endure biopsychosocial and spiritual distress along the process, and so Psychology plays a key role in their care. There is therefore a demand for interdisciplinary intervention programs, adapted to the Spanish context, and based in previous experience and the scientific knowledge collected in other countries where this practice was already legislated. The Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Meaning Centered Therapy and Dignity Therapy are amongst the end-of-life interventions more developed; however their results need more replication. The National Health System constitutes an optimal setting in order to implement these programs, being necessary to strengthen the Health Psychology, so it can assume this task with adequate conditions.
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Materias, derechos, colecciones e identificadores
URI / Handle
https://doi.org/10.21134/pssa.v11i1.318Rights
Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada España