Keywords
Planificación anticipada de la atención; Testamento vital; Voluntades anticipadas; Instruciones previas; Bioética, Advanced care planning; Living wills; Advance directives; Health care directives; Bioethics
Conocimientos y actitudes sobre voluntades anticipadas en profesionales sanitarios. Knowledge and attitudes of health care professionals in advance healthcare directives
Abstract
Antecedentes y Objetivo
La planificación anticipada de la asistencia sanitaria es un estilo de relación sanitaria basada en el respeto de las decisiones autónomas de los pacientes y una herramienta para poder gestionar adecuadamente las decisiones al final de la vida. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer las actitudes y conocimientos sobre voluntades anticipadas y recursos para la planificación anticipada de la asistencia en profesionales sanitarios de un municipio de Madrid, durante 2016-17.
Materiales y método
Estudio descriptivo transversal. Población: profesionales sanitarios de Atención Primaria y Especializada. Instrumentos: cuestionario de conocimientos y actitudes sobre voluntades anticipadas. Variables sociodemográficas y de conocimientos relacionados con recursos para la planificación anticipada de la asistencia. Análisis estadístico descriptivo.
Resultados
Muestra de 431 profesionales con una edad media de 44,5 años (DE: 11,1). La puntuación media de conocimientos acerca de las voluntades anticipadas fue de 5,08 (DE 2,4), encontrándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos profesionales. Un 4,6% de los profesionales tenía su documento de voluntades anticipadas hecho y un 42% no conocía la regulación autonómica. Un 41,5% conocía los recursos paliativos de su centro.
Conclusiones
Los conocimientos de los profesionales acerca de las voluntades anticipadas y los recursos para la planificación anticipada de la asistencia, informan de carencias a nivel formativo e informativo. Casi la mitad de los profesionales no saben si las voluntades anticipadas están reguladas por la Comunidad de Madrid. Los profesionales creen conveniente planificar y consideran muy útil disponer del documento de voluntades anticipadas.
Abstract Background and objective: The advanced healthcare directive is a new style of health care relationship, based on the respect of the patients´ autonomous decisions: as well as a valuable tool that enables a proper management of the decisions made at the end of life. The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and attitudes of the health care professionals regarding the advance directives, as well as the resources for advanced care planning in a municipality of Madrid during 2016-2017. Material and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on a population of Health care professionals of Primary and Specialised Care. The knowledge and attitudes questionnaire about the advance directives was used. Sociodemographic and knowledge variables related to resources for the advanced care planning. Statistical-descriptive analysis was performed. Results: A total of 431 professionals were included, with a mean age of 44.55 years (SD: 11.1). As regards knowledge about advance directives,the mean score was 5.08 (SD 2.4), with statistically significant differences being found between professional groups. A small percentage (4.6%) of the professionals had their document of Advance directives ready, and 42% of professionals did not know if they were regulated by the Community of Madrid. Less than half (41.5%) of the professionals knew the palliative resources of their institution. Conclusions: The health care professional’s knowledge about advance directives, as well as the resources for the advanced care planning, show deficiencies at training and information level. Almost half of the professionals did not know if these are regulated in the Community of Madrid. They also believe that it would be useful to plan, and very useful to have the Advance directives document ready
Abstract Background and objective: The advanced healthcare directive is a new style of health care relationship, based on the respect of the patients´ autonomous decisions: as well as a valuable tool that enables a proper management of the decisions made at the end of life. The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and attitudes of the health care professionals regarding the advance directives, as well as the resources for advanced care planning in a municipality of Madrid during 2016-2017. Material and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on a population of Health care professionals of Primary and Specialised Care. The knowledge and attitudes questionnaire about the advance directives was used. Sociodemographic and knowledge variables related to resources for the advanced care planning. Statistical-descriptive analysis was performed. Results: A total of 431 professionals were included, with a mean age of 44.55 years (SD: 11.1). As regards knowledge about advance directives,the mean score was 5.08 (SD 2.4), with statistically significant differences being found between professional groups. A small percentage (4.6%) of the professionals had their document of Advance directives ready, and 42% of professionals did not know if they were regulated by the Community of Madrid. Less than half (41.5%) of the professionals knew the palliative resources of their institution. Conclusions: The health care professional’s knowledge about advance directives, as well as the resources for the advanced care planning, show deficiencies at training and information level. Almost half of the professionals did not know if these are regulated in the Community of Madrid. They also believe that it would be useful to plan, and very useful to have the Advance directives document ready
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