Keywords
Infección posoperatoria, traumatología, complicaciones venosas, dispositivo de acceso vascular, terapia intravenosa., Postoperative infection, trauma, venous complications, vascular access device, intravenous therapy.
Poster: Elección de dispositivos de acceso vascular en pacientes con infección posoperatoria en la unidad de traumatología
Abstract
Los autores consideran que, en la actualidad, el manejo adecuado de los dispositivos de
acceso vascular (DAV) es crucial para el éxito de los tratamientos antibióticos
prolongados, especialmente en pacientes con infecciones graves. A pesar de los avances
tecnológicos y el desarrollo de nuevos dispositivos, la elección adecuada del DAV sigue
siendo un desafío para el personal de enfermería debido a la variedad de opciones y las
consideraciones específicas de cada paciente. La correcta elección y manejo de los DAV
es fundamental para prevenir complicaciones como infecciones, trombosis y fallos en el
tratamiento. Este estudio no solo contribuye al conocimiento académico, sino que
también tiene un impacto práctico directo en la mejora de la atención al paciente, la
reducción de costos sanitarios y el aumento de la eficiencia en los tratamientos
antibióticos prolongados.
Objetivo
Determinar los Dispositivos de Acceso Vascular elegidos por enfermería para el tratamiento prolongado con antibiótico intravenoso, debido a una infección postquirúrgica, en pacientes hospitalizados en la especialidad de Traumatología del Hospital Universitario de Getafe.
Método
Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional descriptivodurante un año, se utilizaron datos de pacientes con infección posquirúrgica que recibieron terapia intravenosa con tratamiento antibiótico prolongado en el Hospital Universitario de Getafe, por lo que el muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia para ajustarse al tiempo de investigación.
El número total de pacientes que cumplió los criterios de inclusión en el periodo descrito fue de 24.
Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables incluidas en el estudio. Se emplearon pruebas estadísticas de asociación para analizar los resultados entre los diferentes tipos de Dispositivos de Acceso Vascular.
Se buscarán resultados relacionados con la causa de las complicaciones desarrolladas por el paciente durante la terapia intravenosa en relación con el tipo de tratamiento antibiótico, la vía de administración y los Dispositivos de Acceso Vascular utilizados, así como se comprobó el uso de los dispositivos utilizados según las guías.
Resultados
Hubo un total de 24 participantes válidos. A ninguno de los pacientes en tratamiento prolongado con antibiótico por infección posquirúrgica se lo colocó un PICC como Dispositivo de Acceso Vascular de primera opción. Igualmente se refleja que el 79,20% de los participantes desarrolló 2 o más complicaciones asociadas a la colocación del dispositivo periférico corto. El 70,8 % de los participantes, finalizó su tratamiento antibiótico con un PICC, no se asoció ninguna complicación en el PICC desde la colocación hasta su retirada, todos los PICC fueron retirados por finalizar el tratamiento pautado, a excepción de un caso en el que se produjo una salida accidental.
La prueba Chi Cuadrado realizada entre la variable número de antibiótico utilizado y la variable número de complicaciones desarrolladas por el paciente a causa del catéter periférico corto hasta la colocación del PICC muestra que no existe asociación entre las variables (p=0,549).
Conclusiones
Se concluye que la colocación de catéteres venosos cortos genera complicaciones prevenibles en los pacientes con tratamiento antibiótico prolongado no asociadas a la cantidad de antibióticos utilizada y condiciones del fármaco.
Se puede concluir igualmente que la colocación del PICC en pacientes con tratamiento antibiótico prolongado se realiza más tarde de lo recomendado en las guías de manejo de Dispositivos de Acceso Vascular.
Queda comprobado que los PICC generan menos complicaciones en tratamientos prolongados con antibioterapia que los dispositivos periféricos cortos.
The authors believe that, at present, proper management of vascular access devices (VADs) is crucial to the success of antibiotic treatments. vascular access devices (VADs) is crucial for the success of prolonged antibiotic treatment, especially in patients with severe infections. especially in patients with severe infections. Despite technological advances Despite technological advances and the development of new devices, the appropriate choice of VAD remains a challenge for nurses. a challenge for nurses due to the variety of options and patient-specific considerations. patient-specific considerations. The correct choice and management of VADs is critical to prevent complications such as infection, thrombosis and treatment failure. treatment failure. This study not only contributes to academic knowledge, but also has a direct practical impact on the also has a direct practical impact on improving patient care, reducing healthcare costs and increasing reducing healthcare costs and increasing the efficiency of prolonged antibiotic treatment. prolonged antibiotic treatment. Objective To determine the Vascular Access Devices chosen by nurses for prolonged intravenous antibiotic treatment due to post-surgical infection in patients hospitalised in the speciality of Traumatology at the Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Method A descriptive observational study was carried out over one year using data from patients with post-surgical infection who received intravenous therapy with prolonged antibiotic treatment at the Hospital Universitario de Getafe, so the sampling was non-probabilistic by convenience to fit the time of investigation. The total number of patients meeting the inclusion criteria in the period described was 24. A descriptive analysis of the variables included in the study was performed. Statistical tests of association were used to analyse the results between the different types of Vascular Access Devices. Outcomes related to the cause of complications developed by the patient during intravenous therapy in relation to the type of antibiotic treatment, the route of administration and the Vascular Access Devices used will be sought, as well as the use of the devices used according to the guidelines. Results There were a total of 24 valid participants. None of the patients on prolonged antibiotic treatment for post-surgical infection had a PICC as first choice vascular access device. It also shows that 79.20% of the participants developed 2 or more complications associated with the placement of the short peripheral device. 70.8 % of the participants completed their antibiotic treatment with a PICC, no complications were associated with the PICC from placement to removal, all PICCs were removed at the end of the prescribed treatment, with the exception of one case of accidental exit. The Chi-square test performed between the variable number of antibiotics used and the variable number of complications developed by the patient due to the short peripheral catheter until PICC placement shows that there is no association between the variables (p=0.549). Conclusions We conclude that the placement of short venous catheters generates preventable complications in patients with prolonged antibiotic treatment not associated with the amount of antibiotics used and drug conditions. It can also be concluded that PICC placement in patients with prolonged antibiotic treatment is performed later than recommended in the guidelines for the management of vascular access devices. It has been proven that PICCs generate fewer complications in prolonged antibiotic treatment than short peripheral devices.
The authors believe that, at present, proper management of vascular access devices (VADs) is crucial to the success of antibiotic treatments. vascular access devices (VADs) is crucial for the success of prolonged antibiotic treatment, especially in patients with severe infections. especially in patients with severe infections. Despite technological advances Despite technological advances and the development of new devices, the appropriate choice of VAD remains a challenge for nurses. a challenge for nurses due to the variety of options and patient-specific considerations. patient-specific considerations. The correct choice and management of VADs is critical to prevent complications such as infection, thrombosis and treatment failure. treatment failure. This study not only contributes to academic knowledge, but also has a direct practical impact on the also has a direct practical impact on improving patient care, reducing healthcare costs and increasing reducing healthcare costs and increasing the efficiency of prolonged antibiotic treatment. prolonged antibiotic treatment. Objective To determine the Vascular Access Devices chosen by nurses for prolonged intravenous antibiotic treatment due to post-surgical infection in patients hospitalised in the speciality of Traumatology at the Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Method A descriptive observational study was carried out over one year using data from patients with post-surgical infection who received intravenous therapy with prolonged antibiotic treatment at the Hospital Universitario de Getafe, so the sampling was non-probabilistic by convenience to fit the time of investigation. The total number of patients meeting the inclusion criteria in the period described was 24. A descriptive analysis of the variables included in the study was performed. Statistical tests of association were used to analyse the results between the different types of Vascular Access Devices. Outcomes related to the cause of complications developed by the patient during intravenous therapy in relation to the type of antibiotic treatment, the route of administration and the Vascular Access Devices used will be sought, as well as the use of the devices used according to the guidelines. Results There were a total of 24 valid participants. None of the patients on prolonged antibiotic treatment for post-surgical infection had a PICC as first choice vascular access device. It also shows that 79.20% of the participants developed 2 or more complications associated with the placement of the short peripheral device. 70.8 % of the participants completed their antibiotic treatment with a PICC, no complications were associated with the PICC from placement to removal, all PICCs were removed at the end of the prescribed treatment, with the exception of one case of accidental exit. The Chi-square test performed between the variable number of antibiotics used and the variable number of complications developed by the patient due to the short peripheral catheter until PICC placement shows that there is no association between the variables (p=0.549). Conclusions We conclude that the placement of short venous catheters generates preventable complications in patients with prolonged antibiotic treatment not associated with the amount of antibiotics used and drug conditions. It can also be concluded that PICC placement in patients with prolonged antibiotic treatment is performed later than recommended in the guidelines for the management of vascular access devices. It has been proven that PICCs generate fewer complications in prolonged antibiotic treatment than short peripheral devices.
Información detallada
Materias, derechos, colecciones e identificadores