Keywords
IEM-M (KL0-mecanica), climatización, calefacción, refrigeración, tuberías, conductos, air condition, heating, refrigeration, pipes, conduits
Climatización de un Museo en Madrid
Abstract
CLIMATIZACIÓN DE UN MUSEO EN MADRID
Autor: López Jiménez, Ana María
Directores: Cepeda Fernández, Fernando
Entidad Colaboradora: ICAI - Universidad Pontificia Comillas
La finalidad de este proyecto fin de grado es el estudio y diseño de los elementos para habilitar la climatización de un museo situado en Madrid. El proyecto ha sido realizado dentro de los márgenes que marca la legislación española actualmente.
El edificio está compuesto por un sótano, planta baja, primera, segunda, tercera, cuarta, galerías y cubiertas. Dentro del museo existen espacios dedicados a diferentes fines, desde salas de exposiciones, hasta una cafetería y zonas de trabajo. Cabe mencionar que al ser el fin de cada zona distinto, las condiciones climatológicas por las que hay que velar en cada espacio serán diferentes.
Para poder comenzar con el diseño del sistema de climatización del edificio necesitamos saber las características constructivas del mismo. Hemos de considerar los diferentes coeficientes de transmisión de los materiales constructivos, así como la orientación de las salas.
En segundo lugar, hemos de conocer las condiciones de humedad y temperatura que se dan en el lugar donde está ubicado el museo, Madrid. En concreto, nos interesa conocer los momento más desfavorables de frío y calor del año para el diseño las instalaciones de calefacción y refrigeración correspondientes. Se detallará también cuáles son las condiciones interiores por las que habrá que velar.
La tecnología empleada en la climatización de una sala será específica según su finalidad y tamaño. Para los espacios dedicados a la exposición de obras de arte se procederá a la instalación de climatizadores, alejados de la propia habitación para evitar que las piezas sufran debido a la posible humedad. Para las zonas de trabajo con salas de menor tamaño, se emplearán fancoils. El área total de todos los espacios a climatizar es 15925m2.
Una vez calculadas las cargas a combatir en cada sala, se ha procedido al diseño de las redes de tuberías de agua caliente y agua fría, y al dimensionamiento de los distintos conductos que se encargarán de transportar el aire procedente de los climatizadores. Así mismo, se han elegido las rejillas y difusores que se colocarán en cada habitación para la mejor distribución del aire.
Para el circuito de calor se ha instalado una caldera, y para la producción de frío dos equipos frigoríficos, todos ellos situados en las cubiertas. Las bombas de agua se encuentran también en las cubiertas y se han diseñado de tal manera que sean capaces de vencer las pérdidas de cargas producidas por las tuberías.
Por último, se ha realizado el presupuesto de los distintos elementos que componen la instalación. La cifra asciende a 2.072.383€, siendo el precio por metro cuadrado climatizado de 130€/m2.
CLIMATIZACIÓN DE UN MUSEO EN MADRID Author: López Jiménez, Ana María Directors: Cepeda Fernández, Fernando Collaborating Entity: ICAI - Universidad Pontificia Comillas The aim of this end-of-degree project is the study and design of the elements to air condition a museum located in Madrid. The project has been conducted respecting the standards given by the current Spanish legislation. The building is composed of a basement, a ground, a first, a second, a third and a fourth floor, galleries and roofs. Inside the museum there are areas dedicated to different purposes, from expositions halls, to cafés or work zones. As each area has a specific purpose, the climate conditions they need to have will be different one to another. In order to start with the design of the air conditioning system of the building it is necessary to know the structural characteristics of it. We have to consider the different transfer coefficients of the materials, as well as the orientation of the rooms. Secondly, we have to know about the humid conditions and temperature from the place where the museum is located, Madrid. To be more precise, our interest is to know the time of least cold and heat during the year, for the design of the pertinent facilities of heating and refrigeration. It will also be detailed which are the interior conditions to look for. The technology employed in the air conditioning of a room/hall will be specified according to his objective and size. For the areas dedicated to the exhibition of pieces of art we will proceed to the installation of air-conditioners, far from the room in order to avoid the possible damage caused in the pieces by the humid. For the work zones with rooms of lesser size, we will use fancoils. The total area of all the spaces to air condition is of 15925 m2. Once calculated the charges to fight in each room, we have proceeded to the design of the net of pipes of hot water and cold water, and the sizing of the different conduits that will transport the air from the air-conditioners. As well, It has been chosen the grilles and diffusers that will be set in each room for the best distribution of the air. For the circuit of heat a boiler has been installed, and for the production of cold, two cooling equipments, all located in the roofs. The water pumps can also be found in the roofs and it has been designed in such a way so they are capable of/can defeat/resist the losses of charges caused by the pipes. Finally, a budget has been made of the different elements that form the installation. The figure rise to 2.072.383€, being the price for each air-conditioned square meter of 130€/m2.
CLIMATIZACIÓN DE UN MUSEO EN MADRID Author: López Jiménez, Ana María Directors: Cepeda Fernández, Fernando Collaborating Entity: ICAI - Universidad Pontificia Comillas The aim of this end-of-degree project is the study and design of the elements to air condition a museum located in Madrid. The project has been conducted respecting the standards given by the current Spanish legislation. The building is composed of a basement, a ground, a first, a second, a third and a fourth floor, galleries and roofs. Inside the museum there are areas dedicated to different purposes, from expositions halls, to cafés or work zones. As each area has a specific purpose, the climate conditions they need to have will be different one to another. In order to start with the design of the air conditioning system of the building it is necessary to know the structural characteristics of it. We have to consider the different transfer coefficients of the materials, as well as the orientation of the rooms. Secondly, we have to know about the humid conditions and temperature from the place where the museum is located, Madrid. To be more precise, our interest is to know the time of least cold and heat during the year, for the design of the pertinent facilities of heating and refrigeration. It will also be detailed which are the interior conditions to look for. The technology employed in the air conditioning of a room/hall will be specified according to his objective and size. For the areas dedicated to the exhibition of pieces of art we will proceed to the installation of air-conditioners, far from the room in order to avoid the possible damage caused in the pieces by the humid. For the work zones with rooms of lesser size, we will use fancoils. The total area of all the spaces to air condition is of 15925 m2. Once calculated the charges to fight in each room, we have proceeded to the design of the net of pipes of hot water and cold water, and the sizing of the different conduits that will transport the air from the air-conditioners. As well, It has been chosen the grilles and diffusers that will be set in each room for the best distribution of the air. For the circuit of heat a boiler has been installed, and for the production of cold, two cooling equipments, all located in the roofs. The water pumps can also be found in the roofs and it has been designed in such a way so they are capable of/can defeat/resist the losses of charges caused by the pipes. Finally, a budget has been made of the different elements that form the installation. The figure rise to 2.072.383€, being the price for each air-conditioned square meter of 130€/m2.
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