Conceptualization of Digital Platforms Within Cancer Communication: A Review of Barriers and Drivers of Online Tools to Empower Children and Adolescents with Cancer to Understand Their Disease

Abstract

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The primary objective of this research is to identify the most influential factors in the digital platforms used by cancer patients and their environments for accessing oncopaediatric information. This is a PRISMA-guided systematic review that synthesises studies published between 2004 and January 2023 and does not report new primary data. We explore the drivers and barriers of web-based platforms, health apps and social media. We conducted a literature review guided by the PICOS strategy: (P) children and adolescents; (I) factors affecting the use of health apps and social media; (C) without a specific comparison; (O) measuring impact, understanding and success factors; (S) using a conceptual approach. Our study reveals a dual dynamic in paediatric oncology science communication, in which drivers (information, collaborative efforts, comprehensive education) and barriers (ageappropriate content, misinformation) shape the complex communication landscape. The reality is that a healthcare application is needed that focuses on extensive education and the paediatric patient’s involvement in understanding and improving their well-being. It requires adapting communication strategies. Additionally, we explore the theory of online health communication and identify several promising avenues for research.