Influence of a Virtual Exercise Program throughout Pregnancy during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Perineal Tears and Episiotomy Rates: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

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The complications associated with COVID-19 confinement (impossibility of grouping, reduced mobility, distance between people, etc.) influence the lifestyle of pregnant women with important associated complications regarding pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, perineal traumas are the most common obstetric complications during childbirth. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of a supervised virtual exercise program throughout pregnancy on perineal injury and episiotomy rates during childbirth. A randomized clinical trial design (NCT04563065) was used. Data were collected from 98 pregnant women without obstetric contraindications who attended their prenatal medical consultations. Women were randomly assigned to the intervention (IG, N = 48) or the control group (CG, N = 50). A virtual and supervised exercise program was conducted from 8–10 to 38–39 weeks of pregnancy. Significant differences were found between the study groups in the percentage of episiotomies, showing a lower episiotomy rate in the IG (N = 9/12%) compared to the CG (N = 18/38%) (χ2 (3) = 4.665; p = 0.031) and tears (IG, N = 25/52% vs. CG, N = 36/73%) (χ2 (3) = 4.559; p = 0.033). A virtual program of supervised exercise throughout pregnancy during the current COVID-19 pandemic may help reduce rates of episiotomy and perineal tears during delivery in healthy pregnant women.