The Effect of Online Supervised Exercise throughout Pregnancy on the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes in Healthy Pregnant Women during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

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(1) Background: to examine the effect of an online supervised exercise program during pregnancy on the prevention of GDM, and on maternal and childbirth outcomes. (2) Methods: we conducted a randomized clinical trial (NCT04563065) in 260 pregnant women without obstetric contraindications who were randomized into two study groups: intervention group (IG, N = 130) or control group (CG, N = 130). An online supervised exercise program was conducted from 8–10 to 38–39 weeks of pregnancy. (3) Results: no significant differences were found at baseline in maternal characteristics; nevertheless, certain outcomes showed a favorable trend towards the IG. A lower number and percentage of GDM cases were found in the IG compared to the CG (N = 5/4.9% vs. N = 17/16.8%, p = 0.006). Similarly, fewer cases of excessive maternal weight gain (N = 12/11.8% vs. N = 31/30.7%, p = 0.001) were found in the IG, and a lower percentage of instrumental deliveries (N = 8/11.3% vs. N = 13/15.1%) and c-sections (N = 7/9.9% vs. N = 20/23.3%, p = 0.046). (4) Conclusions: an online supervised exercise program can be a preventative tool for GDM in healthy pregnant women.