Insights from systems thinking and complexity science to strengthen food systems frameworks

Abstract

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The article explores how systems thinking and complexity science can enhance food systems frameworks (FS frameworks) to better address global food challenges. Despite decades of efforts, hunger, malnutrition, and sustainability issues persist. The authors argue that food systems are complex and require systemic approaches for transformation. They assess 20 FS frameworks developed between 2008 and 2021 using ten principles from systems thinking and complexity science (STCS). These principles emphasize understanding interdependencies, emergent properties, system dynamics, and the role of power structures and diverse perspectives.

Findings show that while most FS frameworks recognize the multidimensional nature of food systems, few incorporate systemic methods to analyze their dynamic behavior. Many lack tools to map power imbalances or engage marginalized stakeholders effectively. The study highlights the importance of fostering dialogue among FS frameworks and STCS to enhance their ability to guide sustainability transformations. The authors advocate for integrating modeling techniques and participatory methods to improve food system resilience, governance, and adaptability. By embracing complexity, FS frameworks can provide better policy guidance to achieve food security and sustainability goals. The paper concludes that collaboration between FS frameworks and STCS can significantly strengthen global food system transformations.