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Título : | Cultural aging stereotypes in European Countries: Are they a risk to Active Aging? |
Autor : | Fernández-Ballesteros García, Rocío Olmos, Ricardo Pérez-Ortiz, Lourdes Sánchez-Izquierdo Alonso, Macarena |
Fecha de publicación : | 15 |
Resumen : | A growing body of literature acknowledges the association between negative stereotypes
and individual components of active aging, but very few studies have tested this association,
at both individual and population levels. The Stereotypes Content Model (SCM) states that
the cultural aging stereotyping of higher warmth than competence (called paternalistic or
ambivalent prejudice) is universal. Our aims in this study are to test the extent to which the
universality of this stereotype is confirmed in European Countries as well as how far "positive", "negative" or "ambivalent" views towards older people, and other negative attitudes
such as prejudice and behaviours such as discrimination, predict active aging assessed
both at individual and population levels. We have analyzed data from the European Social
Survey-2008 (ESS-2008), containing SCM stereotypical and other appraisal items (such as
direct prejudice and perceived discrimination) about adults aged over-70 from 29 European
countries. First, SCM cultural stereotypes about older adults ( friendly , competent , and
ambivalent ) were calculated; secondly, after developing a typology of countries based on
their negative , ambivalent and positive views about older adults, the universality of cultural stereotypes was tested; thirdly, taking into consideration ESS data of those older persons (over 70s) who self-reported indicators of active aging (health, happiness, satisfaction
and social participation), multilevel analyses were performed, taking our inter-individual
measure of active aging as dependent variable and our stereotypical classification (positive/
negative/ambivalent), direct prejudice and perceived discrimination as predictors; finally,
relationships between stereotypical and appraisal items on older adults were examined at
population level with country data from Active Aging Indexes. Our results show cultural stereotypes about older people (more friendly than competent) are widespread in most European countries, and negative cultural views of older adults are negatively associated with
active aging both at individual and population level, supporting that negative cultural views
of older adults could be considered as a threat to active aging A growing body of literature acknowledges the association between negative stereotypes and individual components of active aging, but very few studies have tested this association, at both individual and population levels. The Stereotypes Content Model (SCM) states that the cultural aging stereotyping of higher warmth than competence (called paternalistic or ambivalent prejudice) is universal. Our aims in this study are to test the extent to which the universality of this stereotype is confirmed in European Countries as well as how far "positive", "negative" or "ambivalent" views towards older people, and other negative attitudes such as prejudice and behaviours such as discrimination, predict active aging assessed both at individual and population levels. We have analyzed data from the European Social Survey-2008 (ESS-2008), containing SCM stereotypical and other appraisal items (such as direct prejudice and perceived discrimination) about adults aged over-70 from 29 European countries. First, SCM cultural stereotypes about older adults ( friendly , competent , and ambivalent ) were calculated; secondly, after developing a typology of countries based on their negative , ambivalent and positive views about older adults, the universality of cultural stereotypes was tested; thirdly, taking into consideration ESS data of those older persons (over 70s) who self-reported indicators of active aging (health, happiness, satisfaction and social participation), multilevel analyses were performed, taking our inter-individual measure of active aging as dependent variable and our stereotypical classification (positive/ negative/ambivalent), direct prejudice and perceived discrimination as predictors; finally, relationships between stereotypical and appraisal items on older adults were examined at population level with country data from Active Aging Indexes. Our results show cultural stereotypes about older people (more friendly than competent) are widespread in most European countries, and negative cultural views of older adults are negatively associated with active aging both at individual and population level, supporting that negative cultural views of older adults could be considered as a threat to active aging |
Descripción : | Artículos en revistas |
URI : | 10.1371/journal.pone.0232340 http://hdl.handle.net/11531/46271 |
ISSN : | 1932-6203 |
Aparece en las colecciones: | Artículos |
Ficheros en este ítem:
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2020. Plos One EES.pdf | 1,27 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizar/Abrir |
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